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      <a href="/2018/12/30/wxapp-gulp/" title="小程序 gulp 简单构建" itemprop="url">小程序 gulp 简单构建</a>
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      <a href="https://godbasin.github.io" title="被删">被删</a>
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    <time datetime="2018-12-30T04:00:30.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2018-12-30</time>
    更新日期:<time datetime="2018-12-30T04:00:35.339Z" itemprop="dateModified">2018-12-30</time>
    
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			<strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
		<ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#gulp-构建小程序"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">gulp 构建小程序</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#简单的-copy"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">简单的 copy</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#文件编译"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">文件编译</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#watch-任务"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">watch 任务</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#最终任务"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">最终任务</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#项目目录结构"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">项目目录结构</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
		</div>
		
		<p>虽然 webpack 用的比较多，不过在小程序这种场景下，简单的 gulp 也是个不错的选择吧~<br><a id="more"></a></p>
<h2 id="gulp-构建小程序"><a href="#gulp-构建小程序" class="headerlink" title="gulp 构建小程序"></a>gulp 构建小程序</h2><hr>
<h3 id="简单的-copy"><a href="#简单的-copy" class="headerlink" title="简单的 copy"></a>简单的 copy</h3><p>对小程序来说，除了<code>app.js</code>作为程序入口之外，每个<code>page</code>页面都可以作为一个页面入口，更倾向是固定路径模式的多页应用。</p>
<p>最终提交的代码，便是这种结构的代码：</p>
<figure class="highlight cmd"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">├── app.js</div><div class="line">├── app.json</div><div class="line">├── app.wxss</div><div class="line">├── pages</div><div class="line">│   │── index</div><div class="line">│   │   ├── index.wxml</div><div class="line">│   │   ├── index.js</div><div class="line">│   │   ├── index.json</div><div class="line">│   │   └── index.wxss</div><div class="line">│   └── logs</div><div class="line">│       ├── logs.wxml</div><div class="line">│       └── logs.js</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>所以，在编译的过程，很多文件都是需要简单地 copy 到目标目录的。我们定义复制和变动复制的任务：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 待复制的文件，不包含需要编译的文件</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> copyPath = [</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">"src/**/!(_)*.*"</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">"!src/**/*.less"</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">"!src/**/*.ts"</span>,</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">"!src/img/**"</span></div><div class="line">];</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 复制不包含需要编译的文件，和图片的文件</span></div><div class="line">gulp.task(<span class="string">"copy"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> gulp.src(copyPath, option).pipe(gulp.dest(dist));</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 复制不包含需要编译的文件，和图片的文件(只改动有变动的文件）</span></div><div class="line">gulp.task(<span class="string">"copyChange"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> gulp</div><div class="line">    .src(copyPath, option)</div><div class="line">    .pipe(changed(dist))</div><div class="line">    .pipe(gulp.dest(dist));</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="文件编译"><a href="#文件编译" class="headerlink" title="文件编译"></a>文件编译</h3><p>我们想要用高级语法，想要写<code>async/await</code>，想要用<code>less</code>来写样式，想要用<code>typescript</code>来写代码，则需要针对每种文件做编译。</p>
<p>这里用<code>ts</code>来举例：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> ts = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"gulp-typescript"</span>);</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> tsProject = ts.createProject(<span class="string">"tsconfig.json"</span>);</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> sourcemaps = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"gulp-sourcemaps"</span>);</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">var</span> tsPath = [<span class="string">"src/**/*.ts"</span>, <span class="string">"src/app.ts"</span>]; <span class="comment">// 定义ts文件</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// 编译</span></div><div class="line">gulp.task(<span class="string">"tsCompile"</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params"></span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">return</span> tsProject</div><div class="line">    .src(tsPath)</div><div class="line">    .pipe(sourcemaps.init())</div><div class="line">    .pipe(tsProject())</div><div class="line">    .js.pipe(sourcemaps.write()) <span class="comment">// 添加sourcemap</span></div><div class="line">    .pipe(gulp.dest(<span class="string">"dist"</span>)); <span class="comment">// 最终输出到dist目录对应的位置</span></div><div class="line">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>当然，用到 typescript 的话，也记得把<code>tsconfig.json</code>和<code>tslint.json</code>加上哇。</p>
<h3 id="watch-任务"><a href="#watch-任务" class="headerlink" title="watch 任务"></a>watch 任务</h3><p>在我们写代码的时候，就需要监听文件变动并自动复制、编译和更新，这时候我们就需要 watch 任务：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">//监听</span></div><div class="line">gulp.task(<span class="string">"watch"</span>, () =&gt; &#123;</div><div class="line">  gulp.watch(tsPath, gulp.series(<span class="string">"tsCompile"</span>)); <span class="comment">// ts编译</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="keyword">var</span> watcher = gulp.watch(copyPath, gulp.series(<span class="string">"copyChange"</span>)); <span class="comment">// 复制任务</span></div><div class="line">  gulp.watch(watchLessPath, gulp.series(<span class="string">"less"</span>)); <span class="comment">// less处理</span></div><div class="line">  gulp.watch(imgPath, gulp.series(<span class="string">"imgChange"</span>)); <span class="comment">// 图片处理</span></div><div class="line">  watcher.on(<span class="string">"change"</span>, <span class="function"><span class="keyword">function</span>(<span class="params">event</span>) </span>&#123;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// 删除的时候，也更新删除任务到目标文件夹</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> (event.type === <span class="string">"deleted"</span>) &#123;</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">var</span> filepath = event.path;</div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">var</span> filePathFromSrc = path.relative(path.resolve(<span class="string">"src"</span>), filepath);</div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// Concatenating the 'build' absolute path used by gulp.dest in the scripts task</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="keyword">var</span> destFilePath = path.resolve(<span class="string">"dist"</span>, filePathFromSrc);</div><div class="line">      del.sync(destFilePath);</div><div class="line">    &#125;</div><div class="line">  &#125;);</div><div class="line">&#125;);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="最终任务"><a href="#最终任务" class="headerlink" title="最终任务"></a>最终任务</h3><p>最后，我们需要把这些任务一个个拼起来，最终对外输出两种：<code>dev</code>和<code>build</code>一般就够了：</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">// dev &amp;&amp; watch</span></div><div class="line">gulp.task(</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">"default"</span>,</div><div class="line">  gulp.series(</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// sync</span></div><div class="line">    gulp.parallel(<span class="string">"copy"</span>, <span class="string">"img"</span>, <span class="string">"less"</span>, <span class="string">"tsCompile"</span>),</div><div class="line">    <span class="string">"watch"</span></div><div class="line">  )</div><div class="line">);</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">// build</span></div><div class="line">gulp.task(</div><div class="line">  <span class="string">"build"</span>,</div><div class="line">  gulp.series( <span class="comment">// 串行任务</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="comment">// sync</span></div><div class="line">    <span class="string">"clear"</span>,</div><div class="line">    gulp.parallel( <span class="comment">// 并行任务</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="comment">// async</span></div><div class="line">      <span class="string">"copy"</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">"img"</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">"less"</span>,</div><div class="line">      <span class="string">"tsCompile"</span></div><div class="line">    )</div><div class="line">  )</div><div class="line">);</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="项目目录结构"><a href="#项目目录结构" class="headerlink" title="项目目录结构"></a>项目目录结构</h3><figure class="highlight cmd"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">├─dist                              //编译之后的项目文件（带 sorcemap，支持生产环境告警定位）</div><div class="line">├─src                               //开发目录</div><div class="line">│  │  app.ts                        //小程序起始文件</div><div class="line">│  │  app.json</div><div class="line">│  │  app.less</div><div class="line">│  │</div><div class="line">│  ├─assets                     	//静态资源</div><div class="line">│     ├─less						//公共less</div><div class="line">│     ├─img						    //图片资源</div><div class="line">│  ├─components                     //组件</div><div class="line">│  ├─utils                          //工具库</div><div class="line">│  ├─config                         //配置文档</div><div class="line">│  ├─pages                          //小程序相关页面</div><div class="line">│</div><div class="line">│  project.config.json              //小程序配置文件</div><div class="line">│  gulpfile.js                      //工具配置</div><div class="line">│  package.json                     //项目配置</div><div class="line">│  README.<span class="built_in">md</span>                        //项目说明</div><div class="line">│  tsconfig.json                    //typescript配置</div><div class="line">│  tslint.json                      //代码风格配置</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>最终效果，可以参考<a href="https://github.com/godbasin/wxapp-typescript-demo" target="_blank" rel="external">wxapp-typescript-demo</a>。</p>
<h2 id="结束语"><a href="#结束语" class="headerlink" title="结束语"></a>结束语</h2><hr>
<p>其实小程序也有人出了框架，像 mpvue 和 wepy，开发风格类似 Vue。<br>不过个人的想法不一样，小程序开发和浏览器开发不一样，小程序官方的 API 会一直不停地进化和完善。如果再使用二次封装的框架，框架是否能跟上小程序 API 的更新节奏，二次封装带来更多的学习成本，这些都需要考虑的。或许有一天，框架的能力优势，最终会被小程序自身取代呢。<br>而简单的构建任务，却可以很棒地使用到 ES6/ES7、Less、Typescript 这些好用的语法和工具呢。</p>
  
		
		<p style="margin-top:50px;">查看Github有更多内容噢：<a href="https://github.com/godbasin">https://github.com/godbasin</a></p>
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	<p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 20px;">码生艰难，写文不易，给我家猪囤点猫粮了喵~</p>
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  		<p>作者：被删</p>
  		<p>出处：<a href="https://godbasin.github.io">https://godbasin.github.io</a></p>
  		<p>本文版权归作者所有，欢迎转载，但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明，且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接，否则保留追究法律责任的权利。</p>
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  <strong class="toc-title">文章目录</strong>
  <ol class="toc"><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#gulp-构建小程序"><span class="toc-number">1.</span> <span class="toc-text">gulp 构建小程序</span></a><ol class="toc-child"><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#简单的-copy"><span class="toc-number">1.1.</span> <span class="toc-text">简单的 copy</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#文件编译"><span class="toc-number">1.2.</span> <span class="toc-text">文件编译</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#watch-任务"><span class="toc-number">1.3.</span> <span class="toc-text">watch 任务</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#最终任务"><span class="toc-number">1.4.</span> <span class="toc-text">最终任务</span></a></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-3"><a class="toc-link" href="#项目目录结构"><span class="toc-number">1.5.</span> <span class="toc-text">项目目录结构</span></a></li></ol></li><li class="toc-item toc-level-2"><a class="toc-link" href="#结束语"><span class="toc-number">2.</span> <span class="toc-text">结束语</span></a></li></ol>
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